Investigating the Dynamic Effects of Earthquake on Clay Core Earth Reservoir Dams
 
One of the most important issues of earthquake engineering is the effect of progressive orientation on the front of the fault rupture front and the difference in properties resulting from this effect on recorded mapping near the fault.

Movements recorded near active faults have different characteristics than normal movements recorded off-distance due to the effects of progressive orientation and lasting shifts. The most important distinguishing features of these movements can be the presence of long periodic pulses in the acceleration time history, velocity and displacement, large ratio of maximum velocity to maximum acceleration in the time history, high frequency content of the mapping and short duration of the vertical component of the fault. Did.

Each of these features has different effects on different structures. Also in such earthquakes, the accumulation of energy in a short period of time and in a pulse can cause shock-like motion.

Movements recorded near active faults have different characteristics than normal movements recorded off-distance due to the effects of progressive orientation and lasting shifts. The most important distinguishing features of these movements can be the presence of long periodic pulses in the acceleration time history, velocity and displacement, large ratio of maximum velocity to maximum acceleration in the time history, high frequency content of the mapping and short duration of the vertical component of the fault. Did. Each of these features has different effects on different structures. Also in such earthquakes, the accumulation of energy in a short period of time and in a pulse can cause shock-like motion.

During the last two decades, numerous studies have been conducted on the different effects and characteristics of nearshore earthquakes. In the article [1], the behavior of the medical center building after the earthquake of 1971 was discussed, and the structure of the center was severely damaged. They identified the high pulse frequency of the earthquake-prone areas. Another study in [2] has shown that the potential for near-earthquakes is very much dependent on the degree to which no displacement will occur at high pulses. Also in Barmes's research [3], the maximum displacement curvature versus structural period showed that even for elastic structures, the effects of the near domain cannot be multiplied by multiplying the by-law cut-off coefficient in a factor as a factor. Higher vPG / aPG ratios in near-field earthquakes widen the acceleration-sensitive area in the response spectrum, resulting in increased apparent stiffness in most structures and increased base shear in short-period structures [4].

In structures with the same formability, near-field earthquakes have a lower coefficient of resistance in the acceleration-sensitive area than distant-earthquakes [5-7]. However, the shape of the spectrum of the coefficient of decline for both types of earthquakes in the corresponding spectral regions is similar. This is due to the difference in Tc (the periodontium separates the sensory region from the sensitive area rapidly). This is due to the difference in the acceleration of the near-earthquake earthquake relative to the far-field earthquake [8-9]. The high amplitude velocity pulses due to the orientation phenomenon cause the lattice behavior of the reinforced concrete pillars of the bridge and cause a large residual shift in one direction [10-11]. The ratio of the maximum velocity to the absolute maximum acceleration in the mapping time history and the amount of earthquake energy in the near-field mapping are two key parameters [12]. They also control seismic markers with and without seismic markers for structural effects. In general, the characteristics of the movements recorded in the soil are a function of soil cross section characteristics (soil dynamic characteristics, geometrical state of layers and bedrock depth) and input stimuli (pulse intensity and period) [13]. The pulse amplitude in the soil is higher than the pulse amplitude in the rock except the high intensity pulses and the short period. The pulse period is also input to a larger soil or at least equal to the pulse period [14]. Soil hardness also changes the input pulse period

Similar results have been obtained in other scientists' studies of the effects of different characteristics of nearby earthquakes on various structures, but there are very few studies evaluating the behavior of geotechnical buildings exposed to such earthquakes. Regarding the displacement of landslide prone surfaces due to near and far basin earthquakes, it has been shown in a study that the location of landslide prone landslides due to distant basin mapping is more than near basin mapping and with increasing water level in the reservoir, the location changes. Newmarket is also seeing a significant increase. Considering the spectra of the input mappings and the steady displacement sizes obtained by the Newmark method, it has been concluded that the determining factor in displacement size is the frequency content of the earthquake at the site of the earthquake wave impact with the sliding mass [15]. It has also been concluded that the behavior of earthen dams is generally increased by the maximum peak acceleration of the dam, increasing with increasing the height of the dam in the nearby basin mappings [17 - 17]. However, the response criterion used in this study was only the dam crest acceleration, and the cause of the change in the dam crest acceleration has not been identified, which is related to which features of the catchment mapping.

2. Characteristics and general introduction of an earth dam

Dams have long been used to control and store water. However, due to the limited facilities and lack of knowledge of soil and hydraulic mechanics, the height of the dams and dams did not exceed a limited amount, although there was no such restriction in the extent and length of the dam. Today, with the advancement of soil mechanics and the development of technological facilities and precision studies